Gas burner



Feb. 13, 1945. 5. ms 21,369,236

GAS BURNER Filed May 10, 1941 2 Sheets-Sheet L INVENTOR s. JAROS GASBURNER Filed May 10, 1941 Feb. 13, 1945.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR ATTORNEY taken on lines Psalms Feb. is, 1945Stanley- Jaros,

Evansville, Ind., asaignor to Servel,

ma, New York, N. Y., a corporation of Dela- Application May 10, 1941,Serial No. 392,845

(o1. 1ss 1o4) 6 Claims.

My invention relates to gas burners.

It is an object of my invention to provide an' improved gas burner ofrelatively high capacity extinguished.

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved horizontaltype burner in which the burner flame is of such shape that contactingof the horizontal flue wall by the burner flame is avoided. I j

A still further object of the invention is to provide an improvedhorizontal type burner of relatively high capacity in which all of theair required to effect complete combustion is supplied.

to a plurality of gas streams and the regions at which air is intimatelymixed with the gas streams are eflectively shielded so that flashbacksare avoided. v A still further object of the invention is to flowprimary air to several zones for mixing with gas streams in such amanner that the air is utilized as a cooling agent for the gas beforethe gas mixes with the air. The novel features which I believe to bechar.- acteristic of my invention are set forth with particularity inthe claims. The invention, both as to organization and method, togetherwith the above and other objects and advantages thereof, will be betterunderstood by reference to the following description taken in connectionwith the accompanying drawings, and in which:

Fig. 1 is a side view of a burner embodying my invention;

\ source of supply:'

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view, taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 4, toillustrate parts of the' burner more clearly;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view F18. 3i

Figs. 5 and 6 are fragmentary sectional views taken on line 4-4 of Fig.8; v

Fig.'7 is a fragmentary vertical view, partly broken away and insection, of a burner similar to that shown in Figs. 1 to 3 illustratinga modification of the invention; and 21%.; is an end view taken on lineH of 5-4 and 6-4, respectively, of

,a screw 23.

Referring to Fig. 1, the improved-horizontal type burner ll embodying myinvention is disposed in a substantially horizontal position in front ofa heat receiving part ii provided with a horizontal line i2 into whichthe burner flame is adapted to project. The burner I'll includes anannular manifold ll having a threaded opening,

to which is connected a conduit ii of a gas supplyline. The manifold l4.forms part of a body member having a cylindrical wall iiforming anopen-ended cup. The wall It is formed with openings or ports I! whichcan be partly covered, when desired, by a shutter comprising a metalclamp ll disposed about the wall and having the ends thereof securedtogether at is. The openings l'l are provided in wall l6 to supplyprimary air to the burner II. as will be described presently.

v To the manifold M are threadedly secured a plurality of nozzles 20*.which pass or extend through openings ii in a cover plate 22 which isdrawn tightly against the open end of wall It by The nozzles 20 arecoaxial with and project into burner tubesor sleeves 24 which aresecured at their inner 'ends at It about the openings it in cover plate22. The tubes or sleeves 24 are imperforate and are disposed about thenozzles 20 for a major portion of their lengths.- The outer ends ofnozzles 20 are provided with tips 20 which are threadedly secured inposition and utilized to'hold suitable spacers 21 to keep the nozzletips in properly spaced relation with respect to the burner tubes 24.

The outer ends of the burner tubes or sleeves 24 are secured to Venturitubes 28, as shown more clearly in Fig. 3. This is accomplished by form-'ing the Venturi tubes II with depressed or flattoned-portions andindenting the burner tubes or sleeves at such depressed portions, asindicated at 2| in Figs. 3 and 5. The outer ends of the Venturi tubes IIare secured, as by welding, for example, to outer tube portions 30 eachhaving a diverging passage ll. To the outer ends of the tube portions inare secured caps 32 provided with discharge orifices :1, Within the caps32 are secured intersecting wires or spiders 34 provided for a purposewhich will be described presently. 1

During operation of the burner Ill, gas is delivered through conduit isto manifold H from which the gas is divided into a plurality of streamsfor flow through the nozzles 20. The gas issues from the tips It ofnozzles 20 into the Venturi tubes 28, and in so doing air isdrawn intothe venturis by injection action from the passages 35 surrounding thenozzles. The air flows into the passages 35 from chamber 38 through theopenings 2| in cover plate 22, the air being admitted into the chamber38 through the openings i! in cylindrical wall l8. The gas mixtureformed in the Venturi tubes'28 flows through the diverging passages 3|into the caps 32 from which the gas is discharged through the orifices33.

Although I do not wish to be limited thereto, the burner I is especiallysuitable for use with gases like manufactured gas, for example, whichare relatively fast burning compared to natural gas which containsmethane and ethane. In order to insure adequate mixing of air with gas,a part of the air is supplied as primary air and another part issupplied as secondary air. In a relatively large burner in which theprimary air is supplied at a single zone in a Venturi or burner tube,the ratio of primary air to gas'is relatively high. By employing aplurality of compactly arranged burner tubes or sleeves 24 havingassociated outer portions 30, the space between the burner tubes orsleeves is advantageously utilized to allow for ample flow of secondaryair which mixes with the gas discharged from the orifices 33. With thisarrangement less primary air is required than in a burner of comparablecapacity having a single venturi, so that the ratio of primary air togas is decreased which in turn reduces the occurrence of flashbacks.

The burner l0 described above provides a high capacity burner which isextremely quiet in operation with ratings upwards from 60,000 B. t. u.per hour. In order to eliminate the noise occurring when the primary airis mixed with the gas at one zone in a single gas stream, the burner l0employs a plurality of nozzles 20 to provide a plurality of gas streams.Small gas burners have less volume per B. t. u. of rating than largeburners. For this reason small burners clear themselves of combustiblegases very quickly when the burner is extinguished, so that noobjectionable noise of extinction is encountered. This advantage-iscaptured and retained in a large burner like that described herein byemploying a plurality of Venturi tubes of, such size that each venturiwill clear itself of combustible gases very quickly when the burnerflame is extinguished. At the same time the burner described provides ahigh capacity comparable to. that produced by burner having a singlelarge Venturi without the attendant objections of such a burner with asingle large venturi. By providing primary air at a plurality of zonesin several gas streams, the same advantages are obtained that resultwith use of a relatively small burner, in that quiet burner operation isassured not only during normal operation but also at times when theburner flame ls extinguished.

The burner tubes or sleeves 24 and outer tube portions 30associatedtherewith are compactly arranged together in cylindricalfashion to provide a burner of relatively high capacity which occupies arelatively small amount of space. The burner flames produced at thedischarge orifices 33 merge together to provide a single flame which isprojected horizontally from the burner l0.

The burner tubes or sleeves 24, cover plate 22, and cylindrical wall I8of the body member form out before reaching a Venturi tube 28. Thus,flashbacks are effectively prevented by the shielding arrangementprovided which forms a more or less circuitous path of flow for airthrough the openings ll, chamber 38, and passages 35 to the inlets ofthe Venturi tubes 28.

By providing a plurality of gas streams and intimately mixing combustionsupporting gas with each gas stream, a burner of relatively highcapacity has been provided in which the distance of travel of the gasmixture is relatively short.

I Referring to Fig. 3, the distance of travel of the gas mixture is fromthe inlet to the Venturi tubes 28 to the discharge orifices 33. p

The shielding provided by cylindrical wall l8, cover plate 22, andburner tubes or sleeves 2d, which has just been described, possessesanother desirable advantage in that air flowing through chamber 38 andthe passages 35 exerts a cooling influence on the gas flowing throughthe nozzles 20. By preventing heating of gas so that there will be nogas expansionin nozzles 20, the likelihood of any change in burnerrating due to heating of gases is avoided.

The burner lil'is of rigid construction so that the nozzles 20, burnertubes or sleeves 24, and

associated outer portions 30 will be in proper alignment with respect toeach other. For this reason, the spacers 21 are provided at the nozzletips 28 to insure the gas streams issuing into the centers of thepassages of the Venturi tubes 28. When the outer tube portions 30 andcaps 32 are not in proper alignment with respect to the bumer tubes orsleeves 24 and nozzles 20, there is quite often a tendency for dead airspaces to be formed at the outer corners of the caps 32 just inside theorifices 33. Such dead air spaces may be termed pockets containingstagnant air which remain unaffected by the gas flowing through the caps32 at a relatively high velocity.. When the stagnant air mixes with theproper proportion of gas to produce a combustible mixture, ignition ofthe gas mixture is efiected to produce a flashback. In order to preventthe occurrence of a shield to protect the tips 28 of the nozzles 20flashbacks, the caps 32 are provided with the spiders 34 which act asair stirrers to prevent the formation of dead or stagnant air spaces, inthe event that the parts of the burner are not in proper alignment dueto jarring or other injury to which the burner may be subjected.

The burner I0 is readily adapted for use as a two-step burner with halfof the burner tubes available in the initial or first stage ofoperation,

and with all of the burner tubes available inthe final or second stageof operation. Such a modification is shown in Figs. 7 and 8 in which themanifold 14 is provided with a partition or dividing wall 31 and anadditional threaded opening to which is connected a conduit 38 of thegas supply line. The top conduit l5 delivers gas to the top half of ,themanifold l5 and the bottom con-= duit 38 delivers gas to the bottom halfof the manifold. burner operation, gas is only delivered either to thetop or to the bottom half of the manifold, so

that gas will only be supplied to the top or bot in the first tr initialstage of the burner opera- In the initial or first stage of the tion, aSi is also provided in It, as shown in Figs. 7 and 8. The partition asmay be formed integrally with manifold i4 and cylindrical wall It andprovided with an opening at its center region through which can pass-thescrew is for drawing the cover plate 22 tightly into position againstthe ends of the wall II and partition 38. Y r Y The quantity of primary-air admitted into chamber 36 through the openings II can .be'

varied by adjusting the position of the shutter .II. It will be notedthat the openings H are of tear-drop shape rather than circular. When itis deemed desirable to move the shutter It toward the extreme left withthe major part of the openings or ports covered, the remaining uncoveredportions at the narrow regions of the openings will not appear as narrowelongated slots or slits, as would be the, case if the ports werecircular in shape, but instead will be more circular or round inappearance, and this has been found to be quite advantageous in that anytendency for the openings ll to be clogged by foreign matter in the airis reduced considerably.

The burner II is adapted to be disposed in a horizontal position and, toinsure proper positioning of the burner, an L-shaped member ll, whichextends lengthwise of the burner, is secured to a tab 4| formedintegrally'with and at the bottom part thereof of the manifold ll. Themember lilis cut away at its forward part, as shown most clearly in Fig.1, and at its forward end is provided with a locating pin 42. Thelocating pin 42 is adapted to fit in an opening in a bracket 0 which isfixed to the front of the heat receiving part II and centrally locatedwith respect to the I flue ii. The L-shaped member is arranged to besecured to a suitable support indicated at N.

In a burnerlike that-described and having a rating in the neighborhoodof 60,000 B. t. u. per hour when using manufactured gas, combustion ofthe gases is completed in a distance of approximately 24 inches from thedischarge orifices u of the burner. when the burner flame is projectedhorizontally into the flue l2, an ample supply of excess air is alsodrawn in a horizontal direction to'form a blanket about the inner sur-.

face of the flue wall. The forming of a horizontal air blanket in fluei2 is quite essential in order to prevent the flame from actuallycontacting the flue wall. As the combustion gases pass through In orderto make certain that strikingof the fiuewalls by'the burner flameisavoided under all operating conditions encountered, the burner II isconstructed so that the rising tendency of.theflameisoflsetb'ybrinsinlthebottomgas streams closer. tsetherthanthetopgas Referringtol'ig.4,itwillbeno tedthatthe-individualburner tubes are arranged more or less three to a-group with the burnercomprising six groups of tubes. substantially the same quantityofgasandairisdischargedfromeachgroupof burner tubes. However. the threebottom groups just described, the burner flame is directed lower intothe flue l2 than would be the case if the individual burner tubes wereall equally spaced.

Stated another way, the burner caps 32 occupy; more or less acylindrical spacewith the three bottom groups of caps 32 occupying lessthan half of the space, and with the three top groupsoccuflcations'and'changes maybe made "without departing from the-spiritand scope of the invention. as pointed out in the following claims.-

What is claimed is: 1. In combination, a horizontal flue, a horizontaltype gas burner comprising two cylindrical" chambers located in axialalignment with each other and with said flue, a connection for admittinggas to one of said chambers, theother of said chambers having anadjustable entry for air, a cylindrical cluster of horizontal sleevessecured to and projecting from said casing and each having one endopening into said air chamber, a Venturi type burner tube secured to andprojecting from the other end of each of said sleeves, a

the tubes of said cylindrical cluster of burner tubes being divided intoan upper and a lower group of equal number and being so located anddisposed with respect to each other that the outlets of the lowerportion of said cluster 'are closer together than the outlets of theupper portion of said cluster whereby the major portion of thecombustion gases-discharged from said outlets is directed toward thelower portion of said horigas, and outlets at which region ahorizontally stantially cylindrical cluster and being divided into sixgroups each containing three burner tubeswith the outlets of all of saidburner tubes being grouped substantially adjacent each other wherebysecondary air may circulate therebetween and the resulting flame issubstantially a single flame, and said burner tubes being so located andarranged with respect to each other that the three bottom groups ofoutlets are spaced closer together than the three top'groups.

8. Agas-burner comprisingacasingforminga gas chamber and an airchamberlocated inaxial alignment. a connection for admitting gas to oneof burner tubes arelocatedand pcsitionedcloser 1eofsaidchambers,tbeotherofsaidchambershav'- together than the three topgroups of burner tubes. By providing a more compact arrangement of thebottom burner tubes in the manner ing an adjustable entry foratmospheric air, a cluster of sleeves secured to and projecting fromsaid casing and each having one end opening into said air chamber, aVenturi type burner tube secured to and projecting from the other end ofeach of said sleeves, and a corresponding cluster of gas injector tubeseach having one end secured to said casing and opening into said gaschamber, each of said gas injector tubes projecting'through said airchamber and into a corresponding one of said sleeves to a point adjacentthe inlet end of a corresponding burner tube.

4. A gas burner including a plurality of substantially parallel nozzles,means to introduce gas to said nozzles, structure including a removableplate and a plurality of hollow sleeves providing a chamber envelopingsaid nozzles and into which may pass atmospheric air serving as a sourceof primary air, a cluster of Venturi tubes arranged alongside of eachother, said tubes providing passages having inlets into whichgas isdischarged from said nozzles and outlets at which the burner flame isproduced and maintained, said sleeves having the outer ends thereofjoined to the'inner ends of said tubes, said removable plate forming awall of said chamber and having a plurality of openings through whichsaid nozzles extend and at which regions the inner ends of said sleevesare secured, said sleeves having imperforate portions disposed aboutsaid nozzles and spaced therefrom to provide annularspaces each havingan inlet for air at the region of said plate and from which primary airpasses from the other end into the inlets of said tubes, said outletsterminating in a plane transverse to-the longitudinal axes of said tubesand being spaced to permitthe flow of secondary air therebetween butstill sufliciently close together so that the individual flames producedand maintained at said outlets merge together to provide a single largeflame, the primary air mixing with gas at the inlets of said tubes beingdrawn solely by injection action through the annular spaces formed bysaid sleeves, and atmospheric air in the vicinity of and about saidtubes constituting the sole source of supply of secondary air mixingwith the gas and air mixture issuing from said outlets.

5. A gas burner including a pluralityof subl sleeves being joined to theinlet ends of said tubes.

a casing disposed about and enveloping the inner parts of said nozzles,said casing forming a chamber having an opening or openings for thepassage of atmospheric air and communicating with the inner ends of theannular spaces formed by merge together to provide a single large flame,

the primary-air mixing with gas at the inlets '7 of said tubes beingdrawn solely by injection action through the annular spaces from saidchambar, and atmospheric air in the vicinity of and about said tubesconstituting the sole source of supply of secondary air mixing with thegas and air mixture issuing from said outlets, and movable meansassociated with said casing for varying the size of theopening oropenings and hence the quantity of primary air flowing into saidchamber. r

6. A gas burner as set forth in claim 3 in which said gas chamberincludes a manifold, a partition in said manifold providing separatespaces from each of which gas is supplied to a-group of said injectortubes, and a partition dividing said air chamber into separate spacesfrom each of which

